Johns Hopkins School of Public Health

PRIMARY CARE POLICY CENTER

Research and other Activities

Selected Projects
 
Evolution and Impact Primary Care Safety-net Providers in the United States: A Comparison of Community Health Centers, Hospital Outpatient Departments, and Physicians' Offices
by Chris Forrest
Evolution and Impact Whether and Where Community Health Center Users Obtain Screening Services
by Kevin Frick
Evolution and Impact The Impact of Managed Care on Vulnerable Populations Served by Community Health Centers
by Leiyu Shi
Evolution and Impact Community Health Centers and Racial Disparity in Health Life
by Leiyu Shi

Completed Publications

Evolution and Impact The Evolution and Impact of Publicly-Funded Primary Health Care: A Review of the Literature
by Anne Dievler
Quality of Primary Care Quality of Primary Care: A Services Perspective
by Barbara Starfield
Employment Status and Health Employment Status and Health Status
by John Packham
Barriers to Primary Care Among Latino Children Barriers to Primary Care Among Latino Children in a Low Income Urban Community
by Terence Giovannini

Community Health Centers

Shi, Leiyu, Samuels, Michael E., Cochran, Chris, Glover, Saundra, Singh, Douglas A." Physician Practice Characteristics and Satisfaction: A Rural-Urban Comparison of Medical Directors at U.S. Community and Migrant Health Centers," The Journal of Rural Health, 14(4):346-356, 1998.

Samuels, Michael E., Shi, Leiyu, Campbell, Norma J. "Community and Migrant Health Centers: The Need for a Coordinated National Financing Policy,” Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & financial Management, 10(4): pp. 529-548, Winter 1998.

Dievler, Anne and Giovannini, Terry. “The Evolution and Impact of Publicly-funded Primary Health Care: A Review of the Literature.” Medical Care Research and Review, 55(4): pp.405-431, 1999.

Cochran, Chris, Samuels, Michael E., Shi, Leiyu."Differences in the Role and Administrative Relationships of Medical Directors in Community and Migrant Health Centers," Journal of Health and Human Services Administration, (22):2:237-254, 1999.

Samuels, Michael E., Shi, Leiyu, Cochran, Christopher R., Glover, Saundra, and Beattie, Catherine M."A Profile of Women CEO’s/Administrators in Community and Migrant Health Centers." Journal of Health Administration Education, 17(2):111-127, 1999.

Lowery, Kelly, Shi, Leiyu, Weiner, Jonathan, Patow, Carl. “Money, Mission, and Medicine: An Innovative Managed Care Partnership between the Community Health Centers of Maryland and Johns Hopkins University.”   Journal of Ambulatory Care Management, 22(4):13-27, 1999.

Shi, Leiyu, Frick, Kevin D., Lefkowirz, Bonnie, Tillman, Julia. “Managed Care and Community Health Centers.”   Journal of Ambulatory Care Management, 23(1):1-22, 2000.

Forrest CB, Whelan, EM. “Primary Care Safety-net Providers in the United States: A Comparison of Community Health Centers, Hospital Outpatient Departments, and Physicians’ Offices.” JAMA, 2000.

Frick, KD, Regan, J. “Whether and Where Community Health Center Users Obtain Screening Services.” Journal of Healthcare for the Poor and Underserved, forthcoming, 2001.

Shi, Leiyu, Politzer, Robert, Regan, Jerri, Lewis-Idema, Deborah, Falik, Marilyn. “The Impact of Managed Care on Vulnerable Populations Served by Community Health Centers.” Journal of Ambulatory Care Management, 24(1): 51-66, 2001.

Samuels, Michael E., Cochran, Christopher R., Shi, Leiyu."A Profile of Women Medical Directors in Community and Migrant Health Centers." Journal of Ambulatory Care Management, 24(1): 84-91, 2001.

Racial Disparity/Vulnerable Populations

Shi, Leiyu. “Experience of Primary Care by Racial and Ethnic Groups in the US.”   Medical Care, 37(10): 1068-1077, 1999.

Shi, Leiyu. “Vulnerable Populations and Health Insurance.” Medical Care Research and Review, (57):1:110-134, March 2000.

Ryan S, Riley A, Kang M, Starfield B.  Medical care use by rural adolescents: the role of regular source of care and health need. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2000; 155: 184-90.

Politzer, R, Yoon, J, Shi, L, Hughes, RG, Regan, J, Gaston, M. “Inequality in America: The Contribution of Health Centers in Reducing and Eliminating Health Status Disparities.” Medical Care Research and Review, forthcoming, 2001.

Shi, Leiyu. “The Convergence of Vulnerable Characteristics and Health Insurance in the U.S.” Social Science & Medicine, forthcoming, 2001.

Shi, Leiyu, Politzer, Robert, Regan, Jerri, Lewis-Idema, Deborah, Falik, Marilyn. “The Impact of Managed Care on Vulnerable Populations Served by Community Health Centers.” Journal of Ambulatory Care Management, 24(1): 51-66, 2001.

Shi, Leiyu, Politzer, Robert, Regan, Jerri, Jue, Luo. “Community Health Centers and Racial Disparity in Healthy Life.” International Journal of Health Services, Upcoming, 2001.

Hudman J, Starfield B. Children and welfare reform: what are the effects of this landmark policy change? In: Wallace HM, Green G, Jaros KJ, Paine LL, Story M (eds). Health and Welfare for Families in the 21st Century, chapter 8, pp. 115-33. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 1999.

Income Inequality, Primary Care, and Health

Shi, Leiyu, Starfield, Barbara, Kennedy, Bruce, Kawachi, Ichiro. “Income Inequality, Primary Care, and Health Indicators.” The Journal of Family Practice, 48(4): 275-284, 1999.

Starfield B, Shi L. Determinants of health: testing of a conceptual model. Ann NY Acad Sci 1999; 896: 344-6.

Shi, Leiyu, Starfield, Barbara. “Primary Care, Income Inequality, and Self-rated Health in the U.S.: Mixed-level Analysis.” International Journal of Health Services, 30(3): 541-555, 2000.

Starfield B, Paganini JM. Is equity a scientific issue? J Epidemiol Community Health 2000; 54: 324-5.

Navarro, Vicente, Shi, Leiyu. “The Political Context of Social Inequalities and Health.” Social Science & Medicine, 52:481-491, 2001.

Shi, Leiyu, Starfield, Barbara. “Primary Care Physician Supply, Income Inequality, and Racial Mortality in U.S. Metropolitan Areas.” American Journal of Public Health, forthcoming, 2001.

Navarro, Vicente, Shi, Leiyu. “The Political Context of Social Inequalities and Health.” International Journal of Health Services, 31:1-22, 2001.

Starfield B.  Improving equity in health: a research agenda.  Cad Saude Publica 2001; in press.

Starfield B.  Improving equity in health: a research agenda.  Int J Health Serv 2001; in press

Navarro, Vicente, Shi, Leiyu, The Political Context of Social Ineqalities and Health. In Navarro, Vicente (ed.) The Political Economy of Social Ineqalities: Consequences for Health and Quality of Life. Amityville, New York: Baywood Publishing Company, Inc., 2002, pp.403-418.

Program Evaluation

Starfield, Barbara. “Framework for Evaluation of the State-CHIP Program.” Annual Review of Public Health, 2000.

Shi, Leiyu, Oliver, Thomas, Huang, Virginia. “The Children’s Health Insurance Program: Expanding the Framework to Evaluate State Goals and Performance.” The Milbank Quarterly, 78(3): 403-446, 2000.

Starfield B. Evaluating the State Children’s Health Insurance Program: critical considerations. Annu Rev Public Health 2000; 21: 569-85.

Starfield B. Is US health really the best in the world? JAMA 2000; 284(4): 483-5.

Starfield B.  Equity in health and primary care: are they related?  In The 2000 General Practice Evaluation Program Conference Proceedings.  Adelaide, Australia: National Information Service, 2000.

Starfield B.  Primary care.  In: Daniels N, Kennedy B, Kawachi B.  Is Inequality Bad for Our Health? Boston: Beacon Press, 2000.

Measurement Tools

Cassady C, Starfield B, Hurtado M, Berk R, Nanda J, Friedenberg L. Measuring consumer experiences with primary care. J Amb Pediatr Assoc 2000; 105: (4 Pt 2): 998-1003.

Ensminger ME, Forrest CB, Riley AW, Kang M, Green BF, Starfield B. The validity of measures of socioeconomic status of adolescents. J Adolesc Res 2000; 15(3): 392-419.

Shi, Leiyu, Starfield, Barbara, and Xu, Jiahong. “Validating the Adult Primary

Care Assessment Tool.” Journal of Family Practice, Vol.50, No.2, 161, (http://www.jfponline.com) 2001. 

Rajmil L, Serra V, Alonso J, Starfield B, Riley AW, Vásquez JR. The Spanish version of the Child Health and Illness Profile B  Adolescent Edition (CHIP-AEJ).  Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2000; in press.

Rebok G, Riley A, Forrest C, Starfield B, Green B, Robertson J, Tambor E. Cognitive testing of elementary school-aged children’s reports of their health.  Qual Life Res 2000; in press.

Primary Care Quality

Blumenthal D, Chang YC, Causino N, Culpepper L, Marder W, Saglam D, Stafford R, Starfield B. The duration of ambulatory physician visits. J Fam Pract 1999; 48: 264-71.

Forrest CB, Glade GB, Baker A, Bocian AB, Kang M, Starfield B. The pediatric primary-specialty care interface. How pediatricians refer children and adolescents to specialty care. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1999; 153: 705-14.

Forrest C, Glade G, Starfield B, Baker A, Kang M, Reid R. Gatekeeping and referral of children and adolescents to specialty care. Pediatrics 1999; 104(1): 28-34.

Stafford RS, Saglam D, Causino N, Starfield B, Culpepper L, Marder WD, Blumenthal D. Trends in adult visits to primary care physicians in the United States. Arch Family Med 1999; 8(1): 26‑32.

Starfield B, Oliver T. Primary care in the United States and its precarious future. Health and Social Care in the Community; 1999; 7(5): 315-23.

Shi, Leiyu. “Type of Health Insurance and Quality of Primary Care Experience.” American Journal of Public Health, 90(12):1848-1855, December, 2000.

Forrest CB, Glade GB, Baker AE, Bocian A, Von Schrader S, Starfield B. Coordination of specialty referrals and physician satisfaction with referral care. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2000; 154: 499-506.

Rajmil L, Borrell C, Starfield B, Fernandez E, Serra V, Schiaffino A, Segura A.  The quality of care and influence of double health care coverage in Catalonia (Spain).  Arch Dis Child 2000; 83: 211-4.

Forrest CB, Weiner JP, Fowles J, Vogeli C, Frick KD, Lemke KW, Starfield B.  By-passing the gatekeeper: self-referral in point-of-service health plans. JAMA 2001; in press.

Starfield B.  New paradigms for quality in primary care.  Br J Gen Pract 2001; in press.

Starfield B, Holtzman NA, Roland MO, Sibbald B, Harris R, Harris H.  Primary care and genetic services: health care in evolution. Eur J Public Health 2001; in press

Training:

The Primary Care Policy Center worked collaboratively with the Bureau during the summer of 1998 to develop a two week intensive training program held on the Johns Hopkins Homewood campus in Baltimore. The training program is designed to provide mid-level Bureau of Primary Health Care staff and administrators academic training in the fields of health care policy, particularly with regard to primary care. The program provided participants with a broad understanding of the organization, financing, and delivery of health services at the national level; strengthen their ability to analyze, interpret, and respond to current issues in health policy; and to provide a basic understanding of how to evaluate current programs and policies. The program  also provided participants with access to leading researchers in the field, extensive library facilities while on campus, and the opportunity to build a network of informed colleagues for future discussions of research and policy. It is likely that the program will be repeated in the future.


 

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