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CLUE I - Campaign Against Cancer and Stroke - slogan: Give us a Clue to cancer:
From August through November, 1974, the Campaign against Cancer and Stroke was conducted in Washington County, MD. Referred to as CLUE I (from the slogan, "Give us a Clue to Cancer") it was designed to collect blood samples from as many adults as possible to provide specimens for a serum bank. Mobile trailers were stationed in a wide variety of locations in an effort to give all segments of the community ample opportunity to participate. A total of 25,802 persons donated blood, of whom 20,305 were county residents. Linkage of the records from this program to those of a private census in the summer of 1975 indicated that almost a third of the adult population of the county had participated. Participation was best in the age group 35 to 65 years, and was slightly better among females, the better-educated, and nonsmokers. The brief history form was completed at the time of blood collection. A medication history (including use of vitamins and hormones) and blood pressure were taken. Blood was drawn into 15 ml Vacutainers, allowed to clot, refrigerated until it was centrifuged and two 6 ml aliquots of serum were removed for storage at -70oC. The time from blood drawing to freezing was usually only a few hours, and never more than 24 hours.
A brief medical history was taken of the CLUE I and II blood donors at the time of blood collection. Data were obtained on age, race, sex, marital status, time since last menstrual period, smoking history, blood pressure, medication use, and hormone use,.
Clue I
CLUE II - Campaign Against Cancer and Heart Disease - slogan: Give us a Clue to cancer:
CLUE II was similar to CLUE I in most respects. It was conducted from May through October, 1989. Similar mobile trailers were used operating in all areas of the county and at all times of day except between 1 and 6 AM. Brief histories. and blood pressures were taken, and 20 ml of blood were drawn into heparinized Vacutainers. Specimens were refrigerated at once, and processed within a few hours. Plasma, buffy coat, and red blood cells have been preserved at -70oC. Participants were given a food frequency questionnaire to complete at home and were asked to return it with a toenail clipping for trace metal assays. Cholesterol results were mailed to participants within a few days of blood drawing, along with guidelines for physician referral. A total of 32,898 persons participated, of whom 25,081 gave Washington County addresses. Comparisons with published figures from the 1990 Census indicated that again approximately 30% of adult residents had participated. As before, women and the better educated had higher than average participation rates, as did the age group 45-70 years. Forty-one percent of the Washington County residents who participated in CLUE I (N= 8,395) also participated in CLUE II. Information has been collected from this cohort as far back as 1963 and as recently as 1998 from the following sources: private censuses conducted in 1963 and 1975 (Appendix 2), questionnaires completed at the times of blood donation in 1974 and 1989 and follow-up information from questionnaires administered in 1996 and 1998.
Among the CLUE I participants, 2659 cases of cancer have developed with serum remaining from 2375 cases (89.3%). Cancer has developed in 895 CLUE II participants and plasma remains for 96% (858) of these cases. Buffy coat and red blood cells remain for all CLUE II participants. A portion of serum/plasma, red blood cells and DNA will be set aside as a network resource.
A brief medical history was taken of the CLUE I and II blood donors at the time of blood collection. Data were obtained on age, race, sex, marital status, time since last menstrual period, smoking history, blood pressure, medication use, hormone use, height and weight currently and at age 21 (CLUE II only), and a food-frequency questionnaire (CLUE II only).
Clue II - Baseline Questionnaire
Clue II - Food Frequency Questionnaire
CLUE II Follow-up Questionnaires.
CLUE II participants have been sent periodic follow-up questionnaires to collect more in-depth health-related information, including health behaviors and updated medical histories. We plan to continue to continue to survey CLUE II every 24 months to update family history of cancer, obtain family history of other diseases, gather data on changes in risk or protective factors and investigate new risk factors.
CLUE Variables by Data Set
1996 Questionnaire
1998 Questionnaire
2000 Questionnaire
Kathy Helzlsouer, MD, MHS, Principle Investigator
(410) 955-9727
khelzlso@jhsph.edu
Sandra Hoffman, MA, MPH, Contact Person
(301) 797-7677
shoffman@jhsph.edu
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