The conduct of research and education of research scientists are inseparably linked and are core to the mission of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. The Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree is the degree where scholarship is represented by the creation of new and innovative knowledge. Each department of the School offers the PhD degree. The degree and its requirements are overseen by the Johns Hopkins University Graduate Board. The PhD degree entails course work and independent research. Generally, the PhD program consists of 1–2 years of full-time course work, followed by 2-5 years of full-time, independent research. The course work ensures that a student has breadth and depth of knowledge in a particular discipline or area. The student’s ability to conduct research is assessed by the preparation of a written dissertation. | 
